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J. & A. ChurchillThe medical publishers J. & A. Churchill had become part of the Longman Group before the merger with Penguin in 1970 and the subsequent formation of the Pearson Longman Group. See the Longman entry in FOB and www.pearson.com. 2008
J. B. LippincottThe Lippincott publishing company was founded in 1785 and remained a family firm until it was purchased by Harper & Row in 1977. Harper & Row created an imprint called Lippincott & Crowell. The Lippincott division was sold by HarperCollins to Wolters Kluwer in 1990. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins is now a division of Wolters Kluwer. See www.lww.com and www.wolters-kluwer.com.2009
J. C. Nimmo LtdJohn C. Nimmo founded the firm of J. C. Nimmo Ltd in 1879. Nimmo died in 1899 and his business was purchased by George Routledge & Sons in 1903. In 1912 George Routledge & Sons merged with Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co. to form Routledge & Kegan Paul. The Routledge Group was purchased by the Taylor & Francis Group in 1998. See www.taylorandfrancisgroup.com and www.routledge.com.2006
J. C. Raven LtdJohn Carlyle Raven first published his 'Progressive Matrices' in 1938. His three sons established the firm of J. C. Raven Ltd in 1972. In 2004 J. C. Raven Ltd was acquired by the Harcourt Assessment division of Reed Elsevier. Harcourt Assessment was purchased by Pearson in 2008. See www.harcourtassessment.com and pearsonassess.com.2008
J. E. Tilton and CompanyThe publishing firm of J. E. Tilton and Company was founded in Boston in 1859 by John E. Tilton and Stephen Willis Tilton. The firm went out of existence in 1874. Stephen Willis Tilton later founded the firm of S. W. Tilton and Company. See 'Dictionary of Literary Biography' 49 (1986), p. 146.2009
J. G. Cupples CompanyThe publishing firm of Cupples, Upham and Company was founded in Boston in 1883 by Joseph G. Cupples and Henry M. Upham, as the successor firm to A. Williams and Company (q.v.). From 1887 the firm was briefly known as Cupples and Company and then Cupples and Hurd, before it became the J. G. Cupples Company in 1890. The firm went out of business in 1893. See 'Dictionary of Literary Biography' 49 (1986), p. 111.2009
J. H. Sears CompanyJoseph H. Sears founded his own publishing company in New York in 1922. The firm was reincorporated as Sears Publishing Company in 1929. In 1934 Sears Publishing Company was purchased by Dodd, Mead and Company. See the FOB entry for Dodd, Mead and Company which describes the circumstances in which that firm went out of business in 1990.2008
J. Leng & Co.The firm of J. Leng & Co. published popular fiction from offices in London and Dundee in the 1920s and 1930s. According to Steve Holland, the firm was acquired by D. C. Thomson in 1926, and traded briefly as Thomson-Leng. See Steve Holland: 'The mushroom jungle: a history of postwar paperback publishing' (1993), p. 10 and www.dcthomson.co.uk.2008
J. S. and C. AdamsCarter and Adams was established as the publishing house of Amherst College, Massachusetts, in 1825. From 1827 the firm traded as J. S. and C. Adams. The firm went out of business in 1856 when John H. Brewster took over printing for Amherst. See 'Dictionary of Literary Biography' 49 (1986), pp. 3-4.2009
J. S. Cushing & Co.J. S. Cushing & Co. was one of the three firms which came together as Norwood Press from 1894. After World War II, production declined and Norwood Press and its constituent companies had all closed by 1953 [information from the records of the Norwood Historical Society].2009

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